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Revolt & Crown Rule

India · 1869Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is born at Porbandar (2 October 1869)

The year's enduring legacy was the birth of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi at Porbandar on 2 October 1869. Lord Mayo succeeded Sir John Lawrence as Viceroy, the Suez Canal opened in November and shortened the Europe–India sea route, while the Rajputana famine exposed the limits of colonial famine relief.

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The Freedom Struggle & National Movementस्वतंत्रता संग्राम और राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

Environment & Disastersपर्यावरण और आपदाएँ

India & the Worldभारत और विश्व

Key figures

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi — born 2 October 1869 at Porbandar; future leader of India's freedom struggleLord Mayo (Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo) — Viceroy from January 1869; associated with financial decentraliSir John Lawrence — outgoing Viceroy whose term ended in January 1869; associated with 'masterly inactivity' on the AfghSher Ali Khan — Amir of Afghanistan; met Lord Mayo at the Ambala Conference in March 1869Mirza Ghalib — Urdu and Persian poet; died 15 February 1869 at DelhiSurendranath Banerjee — qualified for the ICS in 1869; later an important early nationalist leader

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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