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Revolt & Crown Rule

India · 1877Delhi Durbar proclaims Victoria 'Empress of India' amid the Great Famine

Lord Lytton's Imperial Assemblage at Delhi (1 January 1877) proclaimed Queen Victoria 'Empress of India' under the Royal Titles Act 1876, even as the Great Famine of 1876–78 reached catastrophic levels across southern and western India. Early associations mobilised over the ICS age bar and famine relief.

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Key figures

Lord Lytton (Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton) — Viceroy of India (1876–80); staged the Imperial Assemblage of 1877 and oversQueen Victoria — proclaimed Empress of India ('Kaisar-i-Hind') under the Royal Titles Act 1876.Surendranath Banerjea — co-founder of the Indian Association; led the agitation over the ICS age bar.Sir Syed Ahmad Khan — founder of the MAO College, Aligarh (foundation stone laid 8 January 1877).Sir Richard Temple — famine administrator associated with the minimal 'Temple wage' relief policy.Ananda Mohan Bose — co-founder of the Indian Association.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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