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The Gandhian Era & Mass Struggle

India · 1931Gandhi–Irwin Pact, the Karachi Resolution and the Second Round Table Conference

The Gandhi–Irwin Pact of 5 March 1931 suspended the Civil Disobedience Movement and enabled Gandhi to attend the Second Round Table Conference in London as the Congress representative. The execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru hardened nationalist sentiment, and the conference ended without a settlement on constitutional and communal questions.

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The Freedom Struggle & National Movementस्वतंत्रता संग्राम और राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन

Polity & Governanceराजव्यवस्था और शासन

Economyअर्थव्यवस्था

Society & Cultureसमाज और संस्कृति

India & the Worldभारत और विश्व

Key figures

Mahatma Gandhi — signed the Gandhi–Irwin Pact and represented the Congress at the Second Round Table Conference.Lord Irwin — Viceroy who concluded the Gandhi–Irwin Pact before leaving office in April 1931.Lord Willingdon — succeeded Irwin as Viceroy in April 1931 and is associated with renewed firmness against the Congress.Vallabhbhai Patel — president of the 1931 Karachi Congress session.Jawaharlal Nehru — closely associated with the Karachi Resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy.Bhagat Singh — revolutionary hanged on 23 March 1931 with Sukhdev and Rajguru in the Lahore Conspiracy Case.

UPSC / State PCS — Exam focus

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